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| Petroleum coke |
| 2023-06-11 15:19:36 Number of visits：2267 |
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Petroleum coke
Uses: Mainly used for making carbon products, such as graphite electrode, pre-baked anode, to provide steel, non-ferrous metals, aluminum smelting; Making carbonized silicon products, such as various grinding wheels, sand, sandpaper, carbon products, etc.; To produce commercial calcium carbide for the production of synthetic fibers, acetylene and other products; It can also be used as fuel, but when doing fuel, it is necessary to use a hierarchical impact mill for ultra-fine grinding, and it can be burned after making coke powder by jzc-1250 equipment. At present, coke powder is mainly used as fuel in glass factories, power plants and so on.
According to different forms, it is divided into four kinds :(1) needle coke: with obvious true structure and fiber texture, mainly used in steelmaking high-power and ultra-high-power graphite electrodes.(2) Sponge coke: high sulfur content, high moisture content, rough surface, high price.(3) Projectile coke or ball coke: The shape is round, diameter 0.6~30mm, because the surface is smooth, so the moisture content is relatively high Low. It is generally produced by high-sulfur and high-asphaltene residue, which can only be used for industrial fuels such as power generation and cement.(4) Powder coke: runoff coking process production, its particles (diameter 0.1~0.4mm) volatile high thermal expansion coefficient is high, can not be directly used for electrode preparation and carbon industry.
Petroleum coke is mainly used for pre-baked anode anode paste for electrolytic aluminum, carbon industry production of carbonizing agent, graphite electrode, smelting industrial silicon and fuel.
According to the structural appearance of petroleum coke, petroleum coke products can be divided into four kinds: needle coke, sponge coke, and bullet coke:
(1) Needle coke, with obvious needle-like structure fiber texture, is mainly used for high-power ultra-high-power graphite electrodes in steelmaking. Due to the strict quality index requirements of sulfur content, ash content and true density of volatiles of needle coke, there are special requirements for raw materials of needle coke production.
(2) Sponge coke, high chemical reactivity, low impurity content, mainly used in aluminum smelting industry and carbon industry.
(3) Projectile coke or ball coke: the shape is spherical, diameter 0.6-30mm, generally produced by high sulfur, high asphaltene residue, can only be used as power generation, cement and other industrial fuels.
(4) Powder coke: produced by the fluid coking process, its fine particles (diameter 0.1-0.4mm), high volatile content, high thermal expansion coefficient, can not be directly used for electrode preparation of carbon industry.
According to the different sulfur content, it can be divided into high sulfur coke (sulfur content above 3%) and low sulfur coke (sulfur content below 3%).
High sulfur coke: commonly used as fuel for cement plants.
Low sulfur coke: can be used as anode paste pre-baked anode for aluminum plants and graphite electrodes for steel plants. Its high quality and low sulfur coke (sulfur content is less than 0.5%) can be used to produce graphite electrode carbonizer. General quality low-sulfur coke (sulfur content less than 1.5%) is often used in the production of prebaked anodes. Low quality petroleum coke is mainly used for smelting industrial silicon production anode paste.
Petroleum coke is divided into 3 grades according to different indexes such as sulfur content and volatile ash, and each grade is divided into a and b according to quality.
No. 1 coke is suitable for making ordinary power graphite electrode in steelmaking industry, and it is also suitable for aluminum smelting as carbon for aluminum.
No. 2 coke is used to produce electrode (carbon) for electrode paste used in aluminum smelting industrial electrolytic cell (furnace);
No. 3 coke is used for the production of silicon carbide (abrasive material) and calcium carbide (calcium carbide), as well as other carbon products, and is also used for the manufacture of aluminum electrolytic cell anode base block and for the carbon lining brick or furnace bottom construction of blast furnace, and can also be used as fuel.
Calcined petroleum coke:
When the graphite electrode is used for steelmaking or the anode paste (melting electrode) is used for aluminum and magnesium making, the coke must be calcined in order to adapt the petroleum coke (raw coke) to the requirements. The calcination temperature is generally about 1300 ° C, and the volatile oil coke is removed as far as possible. This can reduce the hydrogen content of petroleum coke products, so that the degree of graphitization of oil coke is increased, so as to improve the high temperature strength and heat resistance of graphite electrode, and improve the conductivity of graphite electrode. Calcined char is mainly used in the production of graphite electrode, carbon paste products, carborundum, food grade phosphorus industry, metallurgical industry and calcium carbide, etc., its widely used graphite electrode. Raw coke can be directly used for calcium carbide as the main material of calcium carbide and silicon carbide boron carbide as grinding material without forging and burning. It can also be directly used as metallurgical industry blast furnace coke or blast furnace wall lining carbon brick, and can also be used as dense coke for casting process.
The use of petroleum coke
According to the different sulfur content, it can be divided into high sulfur coke (sulfur content above 3%) and low sulfur coke (sulfur content below 3%). Low-sulfur coke can be used as anode paste and pre-baked anode for aluminum plants and as graphite electrodes for steel plants. Among them, high-quality low-sulfur coke (sulfur content less than 0.5%) can be used to produce graphite electrodes and carbonizing agents. Low-sulfur coke of general quality (sulfur content less than 1.5%) is often used in the production of prebaked anodes. Low quality (low sulfur) petroleum coke is mainly used for smelting industrial silicon and producing anode pastes. High-sulfur coke is commonly used as fuel in cement plants and power plants.
Petroleum coke can be used in different industries. It is used as fuel in power plants and cement plants. It needs high calorific value and good abrasiveness. The petroleum coke used as raw material in aluminum and steel plants or carbon plants, whether as raw material for anode paste and artificial graphite electrodes or as raw material for the production of carbide, needs to control its sulfur content and volatile content, and the petroleum coke for the production of electrode raw materials should also be controlled for metal content.
1.1 Petroleum coke is used as fuel for cfb boilers in power plants
In order to cope with the processing of imported sour crude oil and upgrade the quality of oil products, it is necessary to add or expand a number of delayed coking units in coastal and riverside enterprises, and the output of petroleum coke is expected to reach 360mt. In order to digest these high sulfur and low price petroleum coke, advanced circulating fluidized bed technology can be used to build a batch of cfb boilers with petroleum coke as raw materials to provide low-cost steam, electricity and hydrogen for the refinery. This is a three-in-one thing, not only to digest the low price of high-sulfur petroleum coke, but also to meet the demand for steam and electricity of new projects of enterprises, but also to replace some of the existing oil-fired boilers, saving valuable heavy oil resources. In 2000, Wuhan Petrochemical Plant built a 75t/h circulating bed boiler burning petroleum coke, which can use limestone as bed material in the combustion process to achieve desulfurization in the furnace, while reducing nox emissions, and the combustion efficiency of the boiler can reach 95% to 99%. Zhenhai Petrochemical Co., Ltd. processes a large amount of foreign sour crude oil and produces hundreds of thousands of tons of high-sulfur petroleum coke every year. Due to the high sulfur content in petroleum coke, it is difficult to deal with and has little use value. In 1999, cfb (circulating fluidized bed) boiler technology was used for high-sulfur petroleum coke for power generation, and the cost per kilowatt hour was only 0.18 yuan, while the cost of residue power generation was as high as 0.58 yuan, and 24mt (24 million tons) of petroleum coke was digested in 2000. Shanghai Petrochemical is expanding its thermoelectric complex with cfb boilers that can handle 280kt of high-sulfur petroleum coke per year.
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